Anti-mycobacteria drugs therapy for periductal mastitis with fistula / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To study the etiology, clinical and pathologic characteristics of periductal mastitis with fistula and estimate the effect of anti-mycobacterial agents for periductal mastitis with fistula.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 27 patients of periductal mastitis with fistula received anti-mycobacteria drugs therapy from December 2008 to September 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. All of the patients were female. The mean age at onset was 28 years (range 15 to 40 years old). The main clinical manifestation of the 27 patients was breast fistula, including 21 patients with single fistula and 6 patients with multiple fistula. Three patients manifested with pure fistula, 14 patients with both fistula and lump, 10 patients with fistula, lump and abscess. The samples including pus or tissues of all patients were underwent bacteria culture and all patients core needle biopsy. All patients were given primary anti-mycobacteria drugs therapy, parts of patients received surgery based on the evaluation of medical treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The common bacteria culture of all patients failed to demonstrate any causative microorganism. Four cases were selected randomly to undergo PCR of mycobacteria, only one case was identified as Massiliense in bacteria culture of mycobacteria. Twenty-seven patients with periductal mastitis with fistula were treated with anti-mycobacterial agents (isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol or pyrazinamide of triple oral drugs) for 1 to 3 months, the fistula of all 27 patients were closed well. Sixteen patients were treated with the agents only and cured. Eleven patients received surgical treatment after treated with the medical agents. None of the patients were given mastectomy. All patients had no reccurence until now.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The periductal mastitis with fistula has a closely relationship with the infection of nontuberculosis mycobacteria. Those patients could be treated with triple anti-mycobacterial agents and could also avoided mastectomy.</p>

The clinical study of high-frequency ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy for breast microcalcifications / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical application of high-frequency ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy for breast microcalcifications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-six patients with 70 lesions of microcalcifications detected at mammography underwent high-frequency ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy from July 2009 to October 2010. All patients were female, aged 24 to 61 years (median age 40 years). Among 70 lesions of microcalcifications, unilateral lesions were 62 cases and bilateral lesions were 4 cases. The clinical factors that affected the success of biopsy were investigated by χ(2) test and Logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 70 lesions of microcalcifications, the successful rate of biopsy was 72.9% (51/70). The biopsy successful rate of microcalcifications without and with masses were 65.2% (30/46) and 87.5% (21/34) respectively (χ(2) = 3.960, P = 0.047). The biopsy successful rate of microcalcifications of maximal diameter more than 5 mm was higher than that of maximal diameter less than 5 mm (88.9% vs. 55.9%, χ(2) = 9.633, P = 0.002). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the types and maximal diameter of microcalcifications were the main factors that affected the success of biopsy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The clinical application of high-frequency ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy was an effective option for the diagnosis of breast microcalcifications, especially for the type of microcalcifications with masses and the maximal diameter more than 5 mm.</p>

Risk factors of breast cancer in women in Guangdong and the countermeasures / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen high-risk population of breast cancer by analyzing the risk factors of breast cancer in Guangdong Province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study was performed to identify the risk factors of breast cancer between premenopausal women and postmenopausal women. Chi-square test and unconditional logistic regression were used to analyze the data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In premenopausal women, prophylactic, family history of breast cancer, bad mood, bad life incidence and work load were the risk factors, and breast hyperplasia history, breast tissue examination history, regular exercise and sleeping without bra were the protective factors. In postmenopausal women, family history of breast cancer was the risk factor, and breast hyperplasia history and mood adjustment were the protective factors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The risk and protective factors of breast cancer differ between premenopausal and postmenopausal women, which highlights the importance of using different risk models to screen the high-risk populations.</p>